Polyquinoneimides as Organic Cathodes for Advanced Potassium-Ion Batteries
Chuan Wang,
Wu Tang,
Cong Fan
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 5, September 2021
Pages:
79-86
Received:
18 September 2021
Accepted:
8 October 2021
Published:
16 October 2021
Abstract: Due to abundant raw materials, low cost and high theoretical energy density, organic potassium ion batteries (OPIBs) have attracted more and more attention from researchers as next promising battery system. However, some challenges still need to be solved. For example, most small-molecule organic electrode materials faced serious dissolution problem in liquid electrolytes, resulting in poor cycle stability. In particular, there are relatively few reports on the current cathodes with really excellent comprehensive performance (such as: high specific capacity, high working voltage, long life-span and excellent rate performance) for OPIBs. In this article, two polyanthraquinoneimide polymers were successfully synthesized and used as organic cathode materials for potassium ion batteries. Attributed to the large molecular structure of the polymer, PPAQ and PNAQ both were successful to be insoluble in the electrolyte (1 mol/L KPF6 in DME). After comparison, it was found that PNAQ exhibited better comprehensive electrochemical performance than PPAQ. At a current density of 100 mA/g, PNAQ achieved a stable discharge capacity of 138 mAh/g for 200 cycles and the retention rate was as high as 92%. At the same time, after 750 cycles at a high current density of 800 mA/g, the specific capacity of PNAQ still remained at 71 mAh/g with an average attenuation of only 0.03 mAh/g per cycle. Through an appropriate design process for the molecular structure, we proved that organic polymers could become excellent cathodes for potassium ion batteries.
Abstract: Due to abundant raw materials, low cost and high theoretical energy density, organic potassium ion batteries (OPIBs) have attracted more and more attention from researchers as next promising battery system. However, some challenges still need to be solved. For example, most small-molecule organic electrode materials faced serious dissolution proble...
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Numerical Analysis of CsSnGeI3 Perovskite Solar Cells Using SCAPS-1D
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 5, September 2021
Pages:
87-95
Received:
22 September 2021
Accepted:
19 October 2021
Published:
29 October 2021
Abstract: Recently, organic-inorganic perovskite-based solar cells have become promising devices due to their unique properties in the photovoltaic field. However, the factor of toxicity, stability, high production cost and complicated fabrication processes of these devices is a challenge to their progress in commercial production. Here a numerical modelling of Caesium Tin–Germanium Tri-Iodide (CsSnGeI3) as an efficient perovskite light absorber material is carried out. In this paper, different inorganic Hole Transport Materials (HTMs) such as Cu2O, CuI, CuSbS2, CuSCN and NiO have been analyzed with C60 as the Electron Transport Material (ETM). We intend to replace the conventional hole and electron transport materials such as TiO2 and Spiro-OMeTAD which have been known to be susceptible to light induced degradation. Moreover, the influence of the Electron Transport Layer (ETL) and the perovskite layer properties, bandgap, doping concentration and working temperature for various Hole Transport Layers (HTL) on the overall cell performance have been rigorously investigated. The design of the proposed PSC is performed utilizing SCAPS- 1D simulator and for optimum device an efficiency greater than 30% was obtained. The results indicate that CsSnGeI3 and C60 are viable candidates for use as an absorber layer and electron transport layer in high-efficiency perovskite solar cells, with none of the drawbacks that other PSCs have.
Abstract: Recently, organic-inorganic perovskite-based solar cells have become promising devices due to their unique properties in the photovoltaic field. However, the factor of toxicity, stability, high production cost and complicated fabrication processes of these devices is a challenge to their progress in commercial production. Here a numerical modelling...
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Voltage Based Control of DG Units in Smart Micro Grids
Mamta Chamoli,
Manoj Panda,
Vishnu Mohan Mishra
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 5, September 2021
Pages:
96-101
Received:
11 May 2021
Accepted:
28 June 2021
Published:
30 October 2021
Abstract: The micro grids focus on the islanded mode of the micro grid with the control strategies for both the DG units and the active loads. The Dg unit’s uses voltage-based droop controllers for power balancing and sharing b/w multiple units. These controllers provide the primary control in the islanded micro grid without communications, which increase the reliability of the system The droop controller is based n the mainly resistive line parameters of the low voltage micro grid and lack of rotating inertia. The paper focuses on the islanded operation of the micro grid, with the control strategies for both the DG units and active load. The DG unit use voltage-based droop controller for power balancing and sharing between multiple units. The controller provides the primary control in the islanded micro grid without communication which increase the reliability of the system. An active load control strategy integrated in the micro grid can offer the needed flexibility and change the current load following control to a more generation following strategy, which burdens the DG units less and avoids frequently changing the power of the renewable energy sources from their optimal operating point.
Abstract: The micro grids focus on the islanded mode of the micro grid with the control strategies for both the DG units and the active loads. The Dg unit’s uses voltage-based droop controllers for power balancing and sharing b/w multiple units. These controllers provide the primary control in the islanded micro grid without communications, which increase th...
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