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Adaptive Bacterial Foraging Oriented Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Solving Optimal Reactive Power Dispatch Problem
K. Lenin,
B. Ravindranath Reddy,
M. Surya Kalavathi
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, February 2014
Pages:
1-6
Received:
13 December 2013
Published:
20 January 2014
Abstract: This paper presents an algorithm for solving the multi-objective reactive power dispatch problem in a power system. Modal analysis of the system is used for static voltage stability assessment. Loss minimization and maximization of voltage stability margin are taken as the objectives. Generator terminal voltages, reactive power generation of the capacitor banks and tap changing transformer setting are taken as the optimization variables. Evolutionary algorithm and Swarm Intelligence algorithm (EA, SI), a part of Bio inspired optimization algorithm, have been widely used to solve numerous optimization problem in various science and engineering domains. Bacterial Foraging Optimization Algorithm (BFOA) has recently emerged as a very powerful technique for real parameter optimization. In order to overcome the delay in optimization and to further enhance the performance of BFO, this paper proposed a new hybrid algorithm combining the features of BFOA and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) called Adaptive bacterial foraging oriented particle swarm optimization (ABF-PSO) for solving reactive power dispatch problem .The simulation results demonstrate good performance of the ABF-PSO in solving an optimal reactive power dispatch problem. In order to evaluate the proposed algorithm, it has been tested on IEEE 30 bus system and compared to other algorithms reported those before in literature. Results show that (ABF-PSO) is more efficient than others for solution of single-objective ORPD problem.
Abstract: This paper presents an algorithm for solving the multi-objective reactive power dispatch problem in a power system. Modal analysis of the system is used for static voltage stability assessment. Loss minimization and maximization of voltage stability margin are taken as the objectives. Generator terminal voltages, reactive power generation of the ca...
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An Approach to Energy Management: A Case Study of a Medium Scale Printing Press in Lagos, Nigeria
Sogo Mayokun Abolarin,
Manasseh Babale Shitta,
Chimaobi Daniel Nna,
Charles Asirra Eguma,
Allwell Osariere Kedo,
Abdulmutalib Yussuff,
Oluwabori Ayodeji Babatunde,
Babatunde Olubusayo Onafeso,
Oluwole Adegbenro
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, February 2014
Pages:
7-14
Received:
6 January 2014
Published:
20 February 2014
Abstract: This paper investigates Energy Management Opportunities for reducing energy wastes in a medium scale manufacturing industry’s production processes. The energy information on electricity and diesel consumption for the year 2011 was obtained to complement data collected from walk-through and comprehensive audits. An estimated 125,181kWh of electricity and 33,415 litres of diesel representing 32% electricity and 68% diesel costs, which amounts to $44,562.50 were consumed for the period. Energy efficiency and conservation opportunities identified to promote energy savings, cost savings and environmental sustainability are: the replacing of inefficient drive belts on large motors with efficient cog belts, monitoring electrical loads to reduce peak demand, turning off equipment when not in use, replacing inefficient lamps with energy-saving lamps and installing bank of capacitors to increase power factor. The opportunities reveal a net saving of $6,231.18, which is about 14% of the company’s annual energy cost.
Abstract: This paper investigates Energy Management Opportunities for reducing energy wastes in a medium scale manufacturing industry’s production processes. The energy information on electricity and diesel consumption for the year 2011 was obtained to complement data collected from walk-through and comprehensive audits. An estimated 125,181kWh of electricit...
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New Solution Method of Wave Problems from the Turning Points
Kamal Sheikh Younis,
Nikolay Evgenevich Tsapenko
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, February 2014
Pages:
15-20
Received:
21 January 2014
Published:
20 February 2014
Abstract: One of the main challenges in wave processes is the problem of eventuality correctness of different asymptotic representations of the same exact solution taken from different sides of the turning point. In this paper a universal solution method of this problem has been developed and the particular solutions of the wave equation have been expressed in terms of the solutions of Riccati’s equation for which the proper values in the turning points have been obtained. The paper demonstrates that, just those values will breed a correct phase and amplitude correlations in wave functions. Exact quantization conditions have been deduced and exact formulas for reflection and passage coefficients of quanta mechanical particles of potential barrier have been derived.
Abstract: One of the main challenges in wave processes is the problem of eventuality correctness of different asymptotic representations of the same exact solution taken from different sides of the turning point. In this paper a universal solution method of this problem has been developed and the particular solutions of the wave equation have been expressed ...
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Performance and Emissions of a Methane Fueled V-Twin Four Stroke Spark Ignited Engine
Daniel John Piekarski,
James H. Lee,
Robert D. Garrick,
Andrew Smith,
Kenneth E. Krapf,
John Bulzacchelli
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, February 2014
Pages:
21-27
Received:
31 January 2014
Published:
10 March 2014
Abstract: This paper discusses the on-going study of a modified two-cylinder V-twin engine used to research and analyze natural gas combustion. The purpose of the experimentation is to determine the feasibility of Natural Gas as an alternative fuel for automotive and stationary power generation applications. During testing the engine was operated under various loads and RPMs. The compression ratio (CR) of the engine was increased from 9.0:1 to 13.8:1 with the expectation of improved fuel combustion and improved emissions. The Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) and air-fuel ratio (AFR) were also varied to determine optimal levels that would improve emissions without compromising excessive power (hp). Lean limit analysis was conducted to understand the effect of increased AFR on combustion and emissions. Results from testing confirmed an emissions benefit of going from low compression to high compression. The Total Hydrocarbons (THC) decreased 25%, Carbon Monoxide levels decrease by 48% and the Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) decreased by 20%. A low percentage of EGR, between 3-6 %, helped reduce Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) emissions from over 830 ppm to less than 450 ppm, an improvement of almost 50%, with less than a 2% increase in THC and CO. Power (hp) actually improved by about 1.5% with 3% EGR. Increasing the AFR proved to decrease emissions but at a cost of power and the lean limit of the engine was found to be between 22 and 23 AFR. At 22 AFR the THC emissions decreased by 40%, CO emission by 90% and NOx emissions by almost 50%, but the power decreased by over 35%.
Abstract: This paper discusses the on-going study of a modified two-cylinder V-twin engine used to research and analyze natural gas combustion. The purpose of the experimentation is to determine the feasibility of Natural Gas as an alternative fuel for automotive and stationary power generation applications. During testing the engine was operated under vario...
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Can Nigeria Generate 30% of her Electricity from Coal by 2015
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, February 2014
Pages:
28-37
Received:
7 February 2014
Published:
10 March 2014
Abstract: Nigeria is blessed with diverse energy resources. The country had generated electricity from coal in the 1950s, but this was abandoned in the wake of the civil war (1969-1970) and the focus changed to petroleum. Nigeria now generates her electricity mostly from gas thermal plants (64.6%). Electricity in Nigeria is poor, of low quality with frequent unplanned outages. Nigeria has about 8000MW installed electricity generation capacity but only 3800-4000 MW is actually operational. The government now wishes to diversify the electricity generation mix by encouraging private sector participation in the energy sector and targeted 30% electricity generation from coal. The study reviewed policies relating to coal power generation in Nigeria and the causes of previous failures in the sector. The study found that the electricity sector reforms and other policy changes have spurred investment of nearly $10 billion in the coal sector. Five projects of 4800MW generation capacity are under construction. Of this, two projects located in Enugu state of combined capacity of 1600MW could be ready by 2015. These two projects accounted for 40% of total installed capacity, or 20% operational electricity generation in Nigeria. The paper also presents the prospects and challenges of coal power generation in Nigeria.
Abstract: Nigeria is blessed with diverse energy resources. The country had generated electricity from coal in the 1950s, but this was abandoned in the wake of the civil war (1969-1970) and the focus changed to petroleum. Nigeria now generates her electricity mostly from gas thermal plants (64.6%). Electricity in Nigeria is poor, of low quality with frequent...
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