-
Evaluation of Energy Efficiency, Energy Consumption and Energy Saving in the Production of Oil, Gas and Energy Sectors
Eduard A. Mikaelian,
Saif A. Mouhammad
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, February 2016
Pages:
1-5
Received:
29 December 2015
Accepted:
13 January 2016
Published:
27 January 2016
Abstract: Energy efficiency, energy consumption and energy savings depend on the performance of energy-technological equipment characterising the operational suitability of it. The operational suitability of the equipment determines the quality of it. Based on energy consumption, fuel consumption and reliability indicators as the formalised quality indicators in energotechnological equipment it is possible to determine the energy efficiency, energy consumption and energy savings of the equipment and therefore select the right production volume indicator (PVI). The aim in determining the fuel and power parameters (FPP) of the oil and gas production units and power sector is to get dependence influencing the energy efficiency (EE), power consumption (PC) and energy saving (ES) of those production units. To solve this problem it was necessary to choose the right (PVI). For that purpose, the issues concerning justifying the choice of the volume indicator for the oil, gas and power sectors using the gas turbine units (GTU) were examined. The correct choice of (PVI) it was possible to determine the available efficient power of gas turbine units which should meet the power consumption requirements for the gas compression by gas pumping units (GPU) on the compressor station (CS) of gas transmission systems for a given mode [4,5].
Abstract: Energy efficiency, energy consumption and energy savings depend on the performance of energy-technological equipment characterising the operational suitability of it. The operational suitability of the equipment determines the quality of it. Based on energy consumption, fuel consumption and reliability indicators as the formalised quality indicator...
Show More
-
Energy Management Strategies for Hybrid PV/Diesel Energy Systems: Simulation and Experimental Validation
Gabin Koucoi,
Daniel Yamegueu,
Quoc-Tuan Tran,
Yézouma Couliblay,
Hervé Buttin
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, February 2016
Pages:
6-14
Received:
12 January 2016
Accepted:
25 January 2016
Published:
1 February 2016
Abstract: Hybrid photovoltaic-diesel systems are becoming more and more attractive for rural electrification in sub-Saharan Africa region. In this paper, some energy management strategies for a photovoltaic-diesel system without battery storage have been theoretically and experimentally studied. The proposed strategies are respectively based on active power control of inverters and controllable loads to ensure security operation for the system and maximize the solar energy penetration. Simulations and experiments have been performed under two different climate conditions and have been applied to an African rural load profile. All the energy management strategies developed have been implemented with the Matlab environment. The obtained results have shown the effectiveness of the proposed strategies to avoid power reserve to the diesel generator, to increase solar energy fraction, to reduce CO2 emissions, and to ensure the system’s frequency and voltage stability.
Abstract: Hybrid photovoltaic-diesel systems are becoming more and more attractive for rural electrification in sub-Saharan Africa region. In this paper, some energy management strategies for a photovoltaic-diesel system without battery storage have been theoretically and experimentally studied. The proposed strategies are respectively based on active power ...
Show More
-
Power Optimization and Prioritization in an Island Supplied by a Rotating Machine Based Distributed Generator Using Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm
L. Mogaka,
D. K. Murage,
M. J. Saulo
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, February 2016
Pages:
15-21
Received:
5 January 2016
Accepted:
14 January 2016
Published:
23 February 2016
Abstract: Currently the greatest threat to the power systems reliability and security is the cascading of electric system failures thus causing power blackouts. For quite some time now, the world has been encountering many power blackouts as a result of these cascading failures. The cascading power failure instances pose great risks towards the integrity of power system network. This may finally lead to the splitting of the power system into various small unintentional islands. Hence, intentional or controlled islanding is then utilized as a preventive measure to mitigate the losses caused by unintentional islanding of the power system. Thus, by doing this, the entire power system is split into controlled island regions for the purposes of easy handling and control. In such situation, each islanded region should have sufficient generation to supply its connected loads in order to remain operative and stable. It should also be pointed out that intentional islanding is very important as it can prevent the entire power system from collapsing. The distributed generators supplying the loads in these islands may not be able to maintain the voltage and frequency within desired limits in the distribution system when it is islanded within the micro grid. There may be a power deficit within the island. This eventually leads to shedding of some loads within the island for the sake of stability of the system. Hence the main challenge here is to determine the appropriate and reliable method to optimize the power supply and the load demand in the island and thus maintain the voltage and frequency within the desired limit. In this study we focused on the determination of the minimum load amount for shedding within the islanded region and the prioritization of the buses for shedding so that electricity supply to customers could be maximized using ABC algorithm. From the results obtained, the ABC algorithm can be successfully applied for solving the optimization and prioritization problems within the island being supplied by a DG. The ABC algorithm has several merits over other algorithms which makes it suitable in this application. These advantages include; it is easily implemented, flexible, has few control parameters, easily hybridized with other optimization algorithms and can be modified very easily to suit any application. This system was simulated in MATLAB and SIMULINK using IEEE fourteen bus systems.
Abstract: Currently the greatest threat to the power systems reliability and security is the cascading of electric system failures thus causing power blackouts. For quite some time now, the world has been encountering many power blackouts as a result of these cascading failures. The cascading power failure instances pose great risks towards the integrity of ...
Show More
-
Determination of the Penetration Level of ASVT Sub-stations on 132kv Line Without Voltage Profile Violation
Kitheka Joel Mwithui,
Michael Juma Saulo,
David Murage
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, February 2016
Pages:
22-28
Received:
27 January 2016
Accepted:
4 February 2016
Published:
25 February 2016
Abstract: In developing countries, there are many high voltage transmission lines which transverse villages not supplied with electricity to supply main towns and industrial areas. The conventional substations are too expensive and the power distributor can only set them up if return on investment is assured. Non-conventional (ASVT) sub-stations have been tried and found to be technically successful in stepping down 132kv to low voltages like 240volts in one step to supply single phase loads. Though this technology is cheap and technically fit to be applied in areas of low demand were setting up conventional sub-station will be uneconomical, the technology is not fast spreading in Sub-Sahara Africa (SSA) where there are well established transmission line but poor distribution network. More so the technology remains as a pilot project in countries like Congo were they were first tried. This research aimed at investigating whether violation of voltage profile of the transmission line could have led to low spread of ASVT sub-station technology in Sub-Sahara Africa. The investigation of the maximum number of ASVT substations which could be terminated on 132kv line to supply these villages with electricity without voltage profile violation was carried out. In this research, transmission line and ASVT substation models were implemented using SIMULINK software in MATLAB environment. Surge impedance curves were also used to identify the point of voltage instability or voltage collapse in the system.
Abstract: In developing countries, there are many high voltage transmission lines which transverse villages not supplied with electricity to supply main towns and industrial areas. The conventional substations are too expensive and the power distributor can only set them up if return on investment is assured. Non-conventional (ASVT) sub-stations have been tr...
Show More
